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Born
1874 Arrested and imprisoned 1939 Executed 1940
Meyerhold
joined the Moscow Arts Theatre when it was founded in 1898. Although
Meyerhold both performed and directed under Stanislavsky, he formed
his own ideas on theatre, which differed from those of the Moscow
Arts Theatre to such an extent that he had to leave.
Meyerhold
suggested a new method of producing theatre, working from the
outside of a situation inwards, using techniques that stimulate
the imagination, rather than realism. He looked for an acting
style that would integrate genuine emotion and precise characterisation,
while embracing all modes of performance, including farce, pantomime,
tragedy, melodrama and naturalism. The ability to perform each
of these styles meant that the actor must have complete mastery
over his or her body. Meyerholds revolutionary ideas drew
on techniques used in the Kabuki, Kathakali and Commedia dellarte
disciplines.
Political
pressure forced Meyerhold to stop creating such avant-garde work
but he resisted to the end and gave an impassioned speech about
how art could not be controlled or contained, before he was arrested
in 1939 and executed the following year. His teachings were subsequently
purged from the record books.
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